How to use the Zettelkasten method for notetaking and knowledge management

What is the Zettelkasten method?

The Zettelkasten method is a system for managing knowledge that goes beyond just simple notetaking. It’s designed to create meaningful links between ideas and help you understand and remember new information. This method takes bits of information, typically in the form of disparate notes, and weaves them into a network of connected thoughts, helping us see how each idea relates to the others.

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The history of the Zettelkasten method

The Zettelkasten method was created in the 20th century by social scientist Niklas Luhman. He used this system to organize his thoughts and research, which allowed him to publish more than 50 books and hundreds of articles. Luhman used physical slip boxes for his Zettelkasten, adding notes and sub notes into the box as he created new ideas.

How to use the Zettelkasten method

Here’s how to start using the Zettelkasten method in your own life:

1. Create standalone notes. Each original note should contain a single idea or fact that makes sense without any supplemental knowledge.
2. Use your own words. Put each note in your own words so you understand its meaning when you revisit it.
3. Link your notes. When you create a new note, link that note to an existing note using letters and numbers. Each note should have its own “address” to prevent confusion.
4. Review and repeat. Regularly review and update your notes to strengthen your connections and find new insights.

How to address your notes

Creating a physical Zettelkasten is like organizing your files online. Each note needs to have an original address and clear taxonomy, or your collection will be difficult to navigate.

To get started, label your first note with the number “1.” If you’re adding an unrelated note to your collection, label that note “2.” However, if your new note relates back to your first note (1), label that note “1a.” If you want to continue from where you left off, name the new note “1b.” If you have a new, unrelated note to add, return to the first naming convention and name your note “3.” Lastly, if you want to branch off again from your first sub-note (1a), name your new note “1a1,” and so on.

This technique can be handy if you want to continue a train of thought. Increment the last position in the address, whether it’s a number or letter, and start counting from there.

The benefits of using the Zettelkasten method

The Zettelkasten method makes note-taking an ongoing conversation with your past and future self. It helps you learn and inspires creativity by showing how different pieces of information are related. Some benefits of using this method include:

• Enhanced memory and comprehension. Making connections between ideas helps you understand and remember information.
• Efficient research and writing: With a well-organized Zettelkasten, gathering information for articles, papers, and books becomes easier and faster.

How to make a digital Zettelkasten

While the original Zettelkasten was physical, digital tools can help you organize and enhance your Zettelkasten. Here’s how to get started:

1. Choose the right tool. Choose a note-taking app that lets you tag your notes and navigate between them.
2. Backup and sync. Make sure your digital Zettelkasten syncs across devices and is backed up regularly to prevent data loss.
3. Integrate multimedia. Take advantage of the digital format by adding images, videos, and web links directly into your notes.

The Zettelkasten method is more than just a way to take notes—it’s a powerful approach to managing the knowledge you accumulate in your lifetime. Try creating your own physical or digital Zettelkasten and start making connections across a multitude of different ideas.